String Functions
In C, we have various in-build functions which we can access using header files.
In C, we have a header file named as string.h
This file includes string operations like strlen(), strcpy(), strcat() and strcmp().
strlen()
strlen() this is a function defined in string.h which finds length of string.
It neglects \0 while counting length.
It returns a integer value because length of string will be always an integer value.
Its syntax is:
strlen(string_name)
It takes string name as argument and gives integer as output.
strcpy()
strcpy() this is a function defined in string.h which copies one string into another string.
It has no return type.
Its syntax is:
strcpy(string1,string2)
It is function which accepts 2 strings as input.
It will copy string2 content in string1.
We can enter 2nd string manually also.
e.g: strcpy(string1,"Hello")
This will create Hello as string and string1 will be pointer pointing to that string.
strcat()
strcat() this is a function defined in string.h which concatenates one string into another string.
It has no return type.
Its syntax is:
strcpy(string1,string2)
It is function which accepts 2 strings as input.
It will concatenate string2 content with string1.
e.g:
Suppose string 1 is "Learn C " and 2nd string is "in simple words!!!"
strcat(string1,string2) ;
Now string 1 becomes: "Learn C in simple words!!!" and 2nd string is "in simple words!!!"
strcmp()
strcmp() this is a function defined in string.h which compares ASCII values of charcters in string and return an integer number.
If integer number is 0 then strings are equal else strings are not equal.
Its syntax is:
strcmp(string1,string2)
It takes two strings as argument and gives integer as output.
Let's see program to clear concept regarding above discussion:
Output:
It takes two strings as argument and gives integer as output.
Let's see program to clear concept regarding above discussion:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h> // Note //
void main()
{
char a[10],b[10];
int m;
printf("Enter 1st string: ");
gets(a); // To get string along with spaces//
printf("Entered string is : ");
puts(a);
printf("Enter 2nd string: ");
gets(b);
printf("Entered string is : ");
puts(b);
m=strcmp(a,b); // It returns an int value //
if(m==0)
{
printf("\nStrings are
equal!!!\n");
}
else
{
printf("\nStrings are not
equal!!!\n");
}
printf("\nLength of 1st string is:
%d",strlen(a));
printf("\nLength of 2nd string is:
%d",strlen(b));
strcat(a,b);
printf("\nConcatinated string is :
");
puts(a);
strcpy(a,b);
printf("Copied string is : ");
puts(a);
m=strcmp(a,b);
if(m==0)
{
printf("\nStrings are equal!!!"); /*Here, everytime condition will be true since we have used strcpy() function due to which both strings have same value*/
}
else
{
printf("\nStrings are not
equal!!!");
}
}
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